The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) has banned Russia from the Olympic Games and world championships for four years. Doping is the use of banned substances and methods to improve athletic performance. Each member of the agency’s leadership committee voted to ban Russia. The measure passed Monday in Lausanne, Switzerland, home to the headquarters of the anti-doping agency. WADA found that Russia had changed laboratory data by presenting false evidence and hiding files linked to medical tests of its athletes.