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<div id='article-page'><div id='article-content' data-media-url='//news-app-staging.s3.amazonaws.com' data-base-url='//news-app-staging.herokuapp.com' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/tb_audio.m4a' data-capture-url='//staging.analytics.lingraphica.com/events/capture_news' data-article-title='Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Less Likely to Spread' data-article-id='542'><script src='//news-app-staging.herokuapp.com/javascripts/getscripts.js'></script><link rel='stylesheet' href='//news-app-staging.herokuapp.com/stylesheets/article.css' type='text/css' /><div class='article'><p><span data-start-time='0' data-end-time='5708'>The number of multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis cases is rising. </span> <span data-start-time='5708' data-end-time='14813'>Multi-drug-resistant TB results from a bacterium a group of small living things that can cause disease. </span> <span data-start-time='14813' data-end-time='23833'>The bacterium is hard to kill because it has become resistant to two or more common antibiotics.</span> </p><p><span data-start-time='23833' data-end-time='39396'>But researchers have reported some good news: the multi-drug-resistant form of TB is less infectious than other forms of the disease among a patient’s close friends and family members.</span> </p><p><span data-start-time='39396' data-end-time='50313'>In 2013, the World Health Organization reported almost 500,000 cases of multi-drug-resistant TB. </span> <span data-start-time='50313' data-end-time='63563'>Anti-microbial tuberculosis often infects patients who were treated earlier for TB or those infected with HIV, the virus that causes AIDS.</span> </p><p><span data-start-time='63563' data-end-time='75708'>Often, these patients did not complete the drug treatment ordered by doctors, giving the bacterium time to develop defenses against the antibiotics.</span> </p><p><span data-start-time='75708' data-end-time='89146'>Experts say treatment for multi-drug-resistant TB can take up to two years and require as many as six strong, less modern antibiotics. </span> <span data-start-time='89146' data-end-time='101521'>These antibiotics often have a higher death rate than today’s antibiotics because of the drugs’ toxicity the harm they can cause to the body.</span> </p><p><span data-start-time='101521' data-end-time='106521'>But British and Peruvian researchers are offering some hope. </span> <span data-start-time='106521' data-end-time='110813'>Their findings were published in the journal PLOS Medicine.</span> </p><p><span data-start-time='110813' data-end-time='120792'>The researchers found that drug-resistant forms of TB have a lower “fitness” for spreading to people close to those infected with it. </span> <span data-start-time='120792' data-end-time='128438'>That means the disease does not spread as aggressively as non-drug-resistant TB.</span> </p><p><span data-start-time='128438' data-end-time='132646'>Louis Grandjean works at Imperial College London. </span> <span data-start-time='132646' data-end-time='134979'>He led the study in Peru.</span> <span data-start-time='134979' data-end-time='141979'>“In becoming drug-resistant, the bacteria undergo what it called a ‘fitness’ cost. </span> <span data-start-time='141979' data-end-time='152583'>So it’s able to survive in the environment of antibiotics, but it’s less able to jump from person to person and cause disease.”</span> </p><p><span data-start-time='152583' data-end-time='162771'>For three years, the researchers followed more than 1,000 family members and friends of people with multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis. </span> <span data-start-time='162771' data-end-time='172167'>They also followed more than 2,300 contacts of patients with non-drug-resistant TB in Lima.</span> </p><p><span data-start-time='172167' data-end-time='178688'>Thirty-five of the multi-drug-resistant contacts became sick during the study. </span> <span data-start-time='178688' data-end-time='187521'>Of those in contact with patients with non-drug-resistant TB, 114 of them became sick.</span> </p><p><span data-start-time='187521' data-end-time='199521'>The researchers found that contacts of the multi-drug-resistant group were 44 percent less likely than the others to get sick with tuberculosis.</span> </p><p><span data-start-time='199521' data-end-time='208021'>Yet Louis Grandjean says that does not make multi-drug-resistant TB any less of a threat.</span> </p><p><span data-start-time='208021' data-end-time='225208'>“It’s still a huge problem, despite what we found in the study, which is encouraging and suggests that the tuberculosis program, which is working at full capacity to try to control multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis, is still a great problem.”</span> </p><p><span data-start-time='225208' data-end-time='234813'>Given the seriousness of the threat, he says, the world cannot ease up on treatment efforts and guarding against the disease.</span> </p><p><span data-start-time='234813' data-end-time='236333'>I’m Jim Tedder.</span> </p></div><div class='control-buttons-sticky' style='display:none;'><div class='control-buttons'><button title='Back' class='back' disabled='disabled'></button><button title='Play' class='play' disabled='disabled'></button><button title='Pause' class='pause' style='display:none;'></button><button title='Forward' class='forward' disabled='disabled'></button><button class='finished-reading' style='display:none;'>Done</button></div></div></div><div id='article-media'><div id='media-image'><img src='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/tb_image.jpg'/></div></div><div id='question-content' style='display:none;'><div class='vocabulary_question question-container' data-question-id=3074 data-hint-location='134979' style='display:none;'><div class='question' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/what_does_undergo_mean.m4a'>What does <strong>undergo</strong> mean?</div><div class='choices' data-correct-choice='to experience'><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/the_main_idea.m4a'><span>the main idea</span></div><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/to_experience.m4a'><span>to experience</span></div><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/to_survive.m4a'><span>to survive</span></div><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/type_of_medicine.m4a'><span>type of medicine</span></div></div></div><div class='vocabulary_question question-container' data-question-id=3075 data-hint-location='110813' style='display:none;'><div class='question' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/what_does_fitness_mean.m4a'>What does <strong>fitness</strong> mean?</div><div class='choices' data-correct-choice='the ability of an organism to survive'><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/the_main_idea.m4a'><span>the main idea</span></div><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/type_of_medicine.m4a'><span>to experience</span></div><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/the_ability_of_an_organism_to_survive.m4a'><span>the ability of an organism to survive</span></div><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/type_of_medicine.m4a'><span>type of medicine</span></div></div></div><div class='vocabulary_question question-container' data-question-id=3076 data-hint-location='14813' style='display:none;'><div class='question' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/what_does_antibiotics_mean.m4a'>What does <strong>antibiotics</strong> mean?</div><div class='choices' data-correct-choice='drugs used to kill harmful bacteria'><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/the_main_idea.m4a'><span>the main idea</span></div><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/to_experience.m4a'><span>to experience</span></div><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/to_survive.m4a'><span>to survive</span></div><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/drugs_used_to_kill_harmful_bacteria.m4a'><span>drugs used to kill harmful bacteria</span></div></div></div><div class='multiple_choice_question question-container' data-question-id=3077 data-hint-location='89146' style='display:none;'><div class='question' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/why_do_the_antibiotics_have_a_higher_death_rate_than_others.m4a'>Why do the antibiotics have a higher death rate than others?</div><div class='choices' data-correct-choice='the toxicity'><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/the_effectiveness.m4a'><span>the effectiveness</span></div><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/the_overprescription.m4a'><span>the overprescription</span></div><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/the_toxicity.m4a'><span>the toxicity</span></div><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/the_abuse_.m4a'><span>the abuse </span></div></div></div><div class='multiple_choice_question question-container' data-question-id=3078 data-hint-location='75708' style='display:none;'><div class='question' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/how_long_can_treatment_of_the_multidrugresistant_form_take.m4a'>How long can treatment of the multi-drug-resistant form take?</div><div class='choices' data-correct-choice='two years'><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/two_years.m4a'><span>two years</span></div><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/ten_years.m4a'><span>ten years</span></div><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/one_year.m4a'><span>one year</span></div><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/four_months.m4a'><span>four months</span></div></div></div><div class='multiple_choice_question question-container' data-question-id=3079 data-hint-location='5708' style='display:none;'><div class='question' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/what_is_the_cause_of_multidrugresistant_tb.m4a'>What is the cause of multi-drug-resistant TB?</div><div class='choices' data-correct-choice='bacterium'><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/malnutrition.m4a'><span>malnutrition</span></div><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/accidents.m4a'><span>accidents</span></div><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/genetics.m4a'><span>genetics</span></div><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/bacterium.m4a'><span>bacterium</span></div></div></div><div class='sentence_completion_question question-container' data-question-id=3080 data-hint-location='23833' style='display:none;'><div class='question' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/the_multidrugresistant_form_of_tb_is_less__blank__among_those_close_to_a_patient.m4a'>The multi-drug-resistant form of TB is less <span class='blank'>infectious</span> among those close to a patient.</div><div class='choices' data-correct-choice='infectious'><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/treatable.m4a'><span>treatable</span></div><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/curable.m4a'><span>curable</span></div><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/infectious.m4a'><span>infectious</span></div><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/detectable.m4a'><span>detectable</span></div></div></div><div class='sentence_completion_question question-container' data-question-id=3081 data-hint-location='14813' style='display:none;'><div class='question' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/the_bacterium_is_hard_to_kill_because_it_is_resistant_to_common__blank_.m4a'>The bacterium is hard to kill because it is resistant to common <span class='blank'>antibiotics</span>.</div><div class='choices' data-correct-choice='antibiotics'><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/treatments.m4a'><span>treatments</span></div><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/antibiotics.m4a'><span>antibiotics</span></div><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/cures.m4a'><span>cures</span></div><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/sanitizers.m4a'><span>sanitizers</span></div></div></div><div class='sentence_completion_question question-container' data-question-id=3082 data-hint-location='0' style='display:none;'><div class='question' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/the_number_of_multidrugresistant__blank__cases_is_rising_.m4a'>The number of multi-drug-resistant <span class='blank'>tuberculosis</span> cases is rising. </div><div class='choices' data-correct-choice='tuberculosis'><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/cystic_fibrosis.m4a'><span>cystic fibrosis</span></div><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/diabetes.m4a'><span>diabetes</span></div><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/dementia.m4a'><span>dementia</span></div><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/273/tuberculosis.m4a'><span>tuberculosis</span></div></div></div><div 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