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<div id='article-page'><div id='article-content' data-media-url='//news-app-staging.s3.amazonaws.com' data-base-url='//news-app-staging.herokuapp.com' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/5003/A.wav' data-capture-url='//staging.analytics.lingraphica.com/events/capture_news' data-article-title='Study: Long Periods in Space Can Shrink the Heart' data-article-id='5532'><script src='//news-app-staging.herokuapp.com/javascripts/getscripts.js'></script><link rel='stylesheet' href='//news-app-staging.herokuapp.com/stylesheets/article.css' type='text/css' /><div class='article'><p><span data-start-time='0' data-end-time='9729'>A new study suggests that long periods in space can cause the human heart to shrink.</span> <span data-start-time='9729' data-end-time='26771'>The study -- by a team of American researchers -- comes as the U.S. makes plans to build a long-term base on the moon and prepares to send astronauts to Mars.</span> <span data-start-time='26771' data-end-time='35563'>Part of the study was based on the experiences of retired astronaut Scott Kelly. </span> <span data-start-time='35563' data-end-time='48729'>The U.S. space agency NASA says that during his career, Kelly spent more time in space than any other American astronaut. </span> <span data-start-time='48729' data-end-time='58667'>One of Kelly’s stays aboard the International Space Station (ISS) lasted 340 days.</span> <span data-start-time='58667' data-end-time='77917'>Researchers from the University of Texas’ Southwestern Medical Center (UT Southwestern) in Dallas examined physical data collected during Scott’s long stay aboard the ISS. </span> <span data-start-time='77917' data-end-time='86438'>The goal was to learn the effects of weightlessness on heart health and performance.</span> <span data-start-time='86438' data-end-time='100583'>The team found that during Kelly’s stay in space, the left ventricle of his heart shrank about 0.74 grams per week.</span> <span data-start-time='100583' data-end-time='109188'>Dr. Benjamin Levine is a professor of internal medicine at UT Southwestern. </span> <span data-start-time='109188' data-end-time='112604'>He was the leader of the research. </span> <span data-start-time='112604' data-end-time='126563'>In a statement, he explained that because of the conditions in space, the heart does not have to work as hard to pump blood uphill from the feet. </span> <span data-start-time='126563' data-end-time='130854'>Over time, this can cause shrinkage.</span> <span data-start-time='130854' data-end-time='140646'>The heart has to work harder to keep blood flowing as it works against gravity, Levine explained. </span> <span data-start-time='140646' data-end-time='147271'>This permits the heart to keep its size and perform effectively.</span> <span data-start-time='147271' data-end-time='161042'>In an effort to keep their muscles and organs healthy in space, astronauts are required to perform different kinds of exercises throughout their stay.</span> </p></div><div class='control-buttons-sticky' style='display:none;'><div class='control-buttons'><button title='Back' class='back' disabled='disabled'></button><button title='Play' class='play' disabled='disabled'></button><button title='Pause' class='pause' style='display:none;'></button><button title='Forward' class='forward' disabled='disabled'></button><button class='finished-reading' style='display:none;'>Done</button></div></div></div><div id='article-media'><div id='media-image'><img src='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/5003/A.jpeg'/></div></div><div id='question-content' style='display:none;'><div class='vocabulary_question question-container' data-question-id=17166 data-hint-location='126563' style='display:none;'><div class='question' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/5003/how_is_the_word_shrinkage_defined.wav'>How is the word shrinkage defined?</div><div class='choices' data-correct-choice='The act or process of becoming smaller'><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/5003/the_act_or_process_of_becoming_smaller.wav'><span>The act or process of becoming smaller</span></div><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/5003/the_act_or_process_of_becoming_larger.wav'><span>The act or process of becoming larger</span></div><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/5003/when_something_stays_the_same_size.wav'><span>When something stays the same size</span></div><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/5003/the_amount_of_fluid_in_the_body.wav'><span>The amount of fluid in the body</span></div></div></div><div class='multiple_choice_question question-container' data-question-id=17167 data-hint-location='147271' style='display:none;'><div class='question' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/5003/how_do_astronauts_attempt_to_keep_their_muscles_and_organs_healthy_in_space.wav'>How do astronauts attempt to keep their muscles and organs healthy in space?</div><div class='choices' data-correct-choice='Exercising'><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/5003/eating_candy.wav'><span>Eating candy</span></div><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/5003/soaking_in_a_hot_tub.wav'><span>Soaking in a hot tub</span></div><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/5003/exercising.wav'><span>Exercising</span></div><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/5003/reading_books.wav'><span>Reading books</span></div></div></div><div class='sentence_completion_question question-container' data-question-id=17168 data-hint-location='9729' style='display:none;'><div class='question' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/5003/the_study__by_a_team_of_american_researchers__comes_as_the_us_makes_plans_to_build_a_longterm_base_on_the_moon_and_prepares_to_send_astronauts_to__blank_.wav'>The study -- by a team of American researchers -- comes as the U.S. makes plans to build a long-term base on the moon and prepares to send astronauts to <span class='blank'>Mars</span>.</div><div class='choices' data-correct-choice='Mars'><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/5003/jupiter.wav'><span>Jupiter</span></div><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/5003/mars.wav'><span>Mars</span></div><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/5003/neptune.wav'><span>Neptune</span></div><div class='choice' data-sound-name='https://news-app-production.s3.amazonaws.com/articles/5003/france.wav'><span>France</span></div></div></div><div class='question-buttons'><button class='skip-button'></button><button class='hint-button'></button><button class='speak-button'></button></div></div></div>
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